Autonomous Systems and Robotics (Formerly Robotics) –
Since the Soviet Union dissolved in 1991, the United States (US) has remained the leading global power in military, economic, scientific, and political arenas, primarily backed by its strong Defense Industrial Base (DIB). However, the landscape has shifted considerably since World War II due to technological advances, globalization, and evolving geopolitical tensions. These developments have increasingly challenged the US’s position on the global stage.
The emergence of autonomous systems and robotics (AS&R) is reshaping modern warfare, as seen in recent conflicts in Ukraine and Israel. AS&R technology offers enhanced decision-making and operational capabilities with reduced human risk in conflict zones. However, the US faces strong competition as adversaries accelerate their own AS&R development. The current acquisition system of the US, characterized by lengthy development periods and a preference for high-cost, exquisite systems, is a significant obstacle to the rapid and agile production needs essential for maintaining a competitive edge in AS&R. This situation is exacerbated by a diminished industrial base, which is unable to meet the fast-paced demands of modern military technology development and deployment.
This paper offers findings from a comprehensive five-month study of the AS&R industry conducted by students at the Eisenhower School during the 2023-2024 academic year. It proposes a multifaceted policy overhaul to support the accelerated development and deployment of AS&R within the DIB. Recommendations include adopting a global regulatory framework to encourage innovation and interoperability, modernizing the Defense Production Act to enhance the AS&R capabilities of the US and its allies, and strengthening strategic alliances and trade policies.
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